Qasr Al-Jilat, located approximately 55 kilometres southwest of Azraq in Jordan’s eastern desert, is a significant archaeological site offering insights into the region’s prehistoric occupation. The area surrounding Qasr Al-Jilat, particularly Wadi Jilat, has been the focus of extensive archaeological investigations, revealing a sequence of human activity spanning from the Epipalaeolithic to the Neolithic periods. Notably, Wadi Jilat 7, an early Neolithic site within this region, has provided some of the earliest known evidence of domesticated einkorn wheat, radiocarbon dated to between 9500 and 9200 years ago.  

The broader Azraq Basin, encompassing Qasr Al-Jilat and Wadi Jilat, has yielded numerous prehistoric sites that highlight the adaptive strategies of early human communities in arid environments. The discovery of thirty-two prehistoric sites in the Wadi Jilat area underscores its importance as a focal point for understanding the transition from foraging to farming in the Levant.  These findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the Neolithic revolution and the development of early agricultural societies in the Near East.