Machaerus is a hilltop fortress located in central Jordan, near the eastern shore of the Dead Sea. Originally built by the Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus in the 1st century BCE, it was later rebuilt by Herod the Great around 30 BCE as part of his network of desert fortresses. Strategically perched on a high ridge, Machaerus offered commanding views of the surrounding terrain and served both defensive and symbolic purposes, demonstrating Herod’s authority and architectural prowess. The site includes remnants of palace walls, towers, a bathhouse, and cisterns, reflecting its role as a luxurious stronghold.

Machaerus is most famously known as the place where John the Baptist was imprisoned and executed, according to historical accounts by the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus. This association gives the site significant religious and cultural importance, particularly for Christian pilgrims. Archaeological excavations have revealed important insights into Herodian architecture and Roman-era fortifications, helping scholars better understand the political landscape of Judea and Perea during the early Roman period. Today, Machaerus is a prominent historical site and a popular destination for those interested in biblical history and ancient architecture.